2 Beyond nutrition: the therapeutic and protective potential of nutraceuticals In terms of mechanisms, nutraceuticals function as ligands that bind to various receptors, influencing critical cellular signaling pathways
The explicit mechanism has not been utterly researched and has been the topic of comprehensive investigation until now
In contrast, inhibition of the SHH signaling pathway reduces the proliferation and migration of RA patient-derived FLS (RA-FLS), thereby alleviating RA (Liu et al., 2018
92 However, this observation remains to be replicated by other studies
ROS damage endothelial cells, disrupt tight junctions, and activate inflammatory pathways, all of which contribute to BBB permeability
The need of the hour is to create systems with improved sensitivity, biocompatibility, non-toxicity, and multi-responsive qualities